I think that there is an effective date and that is the date that the AG - or his appointed officer - signs off on the new regulation.
That date will be announced in the government gazette - or whatever the official US government publication is called.
And as someone pointed out - it's not easy to challenge a regulation in court. In fact if someone is charged under this regulation the court will probably not be allowed to consider the fairness or constitutionality of the regulation.
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